Vertebroplasty is a procedure of injection of bone cement into a pathological vertebral body. There are several indications. However, the main indication is a painful vertebral body. The indications of vertebroplasty are Osteoporotic fractures Vertebral fractures in active healing phase Tumorigenic causes – metastases, hemangioma, multiple myeloma Other metabolic disorders You may also like Contraindications… Continue reading 4 Indications of vertebroplasty
Scientific trials on osteosarcoma (15 recent trials)
A lot of recent scientific trials on osteosarcoma (OS) are in testing these days. There are a lot of these in National Cancer Institite. Recent scientific trials in osteosarcoma EURAMOS-1 (European and American Osteosarcoma Study Group) clinical trial. addition of ifosfamide and etoposide to post-operative chemotherapy addition of a 2-year maintenance treatment with pegylated interferon… Continue reading Scientific trials on osteosarcoma (15 recent trials)
Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining: 8 organisms and 10 steps
Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining is a specific bacteriological stain used to identify acid fast organisms. 8 Organisms that stain with Ziehl-Neelsen Procedure Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (atypical) Nocardia spp. Rhodococcus spp. Legionella micdadei Schistosoma spp. (cortical spines) Echinococcus spp. (hooklets) Protozoa – Cryptococcus spp. ZN staining is a simple staining process. It… Continue reading Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining: 8 organisms and 10 steps
15 differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication
Differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication are a must know for exams. Claudication comes from latin word claudicare which means “limp”. Vascular claudication is the discomfort that comes from a vascular cause. On the other hand, neurogenic type is due to compression of nerve root or spinal cord. Here, we enumerate these 15 differences 1.… Continue reading 15 differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication
12 Differences between adult and pediatric bone
The pediatric bone differs very much in structural, biochemical, and functional aspects from the adult bone. These differences between adult and pediatric bone can be enlisted as 1. Physis: The pediatric bone consists of physis or the growth plate. The growth plate lies between the epiphysis and metaphysis in long bones. By virtue of this… Continue reading 12 Differences between adult and pediatric bone
12 Contraindications of High Tibial Osteotomy(HTO)
Contraindications of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) are numerous. One needs to be aware of them before planning the procedure. To define, high tibial osteotomy is a very rewarding procedure for uni-compartmental osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Contraindications of High Tibial Osteotomy are Narrowing of lateral compartment cartilage space Lateral tibial subluxation more than 1cm Medial… Continue reading 12 Contraindications of High Tibial Osteotomy(HTO)
Quorum sensing and its 11 importances
According to Rutherford, S. T., & Bassler, B. L., quorum sensing is a process of cell–cell communication. It allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. Quorum sensing occurs in response to extracellular signaling molecules called autoinducers. These autoinducers are acylated homoserine lactones in gram negative bacteria. On the other… Continue reading Quorum sensing and its 11 importances
Peak bone mass and 7 factors that affect it
Peak bone mass, as the term suggests, is the maximum amount of bone that forms in your skeleton. Now, you do know already that females mature faster than males. This age for skeletal maturity is 14 for girls and in average 16 for boys. Here, are the 8 important facts that you must know about… Continue reading Peak bone mass and 7 factors that affect it
Age related changes in bone (13 changes)to know
Age related changes in bone occur before birth till death. The changes from utero to childhood to maturity and till adults are presented here. Age related changes in bone is a must know topic for all orthopedic surgeons. It is equally important to all residents for gaining knowledge and passing exams as well. We present… Continue reading Age related changes in bone (13 changes)to know
Severity of hemophilia (3 grades) you must know
Severity of hemophilia is a must know topic for all medical professionals. There are three grades on the basis of severity and these are Mild – In this grade; 6 to 30% clotting factors are present Moderate – 1-5% Severe – less than 1% You might also like Types of hemophilia Orthopedic Management Principles in… Continue reading Severity of hemophilia (3 grades) you must know