4 Principles of Pelvic Damage control

Pelvic damage control is an approach for stabilizing pelvic injuries, in order to improve the overall physiology of a patient. Since, pelvic fractures cause maximum of blood loss in a patient, it is necessary to prevent complications in a primary setting. Here, we outline the four different principles of pelvic damage control Close reduction of… Continue reading 4 Principles of Pelvic Damage control

External fixation: 6 generations you must know

EXTERNAL FIXATION is a safe, viable procedure to achieve temporary rigid stabilization in patient with multiple injuries. On the other hand, it is also a method for correcting skeletal deformities. These come in various shapes, sizes and have classifications accordingly. The 6 generations of external fixation are as follows: Unilateral Uniplanar frames Ring fixator Articulated… Continue reading External fixation: 6 generations you must know

Taylor spatial Frame (TSF): 10 points

The Taylor spatial frame or simply spatial frame is a type of external fixation. To be precise, it is a fifth generation external fixator. 1. Indications of Taylor spatial frame External fixation Malunion; non-union Congenital deformities 2. Description of device Hexapod device Two or more aluminium or carbon fiber rings connected by six struts. Connected… Continue reading Taylor spatial Frame (TSF): 10 points

3 MCQs on biomechanics of orthopaedic screws

Biomechanics of orthopaedic screws, are often confusing. They are simple but the way question is set, confuses a lot of us. Here we present these multiple choice questions (MCQs) Question 1 For a maximum pull out strength, a screw should have a. Maximum outer diameter, small root diameterb. Small outer and large root diametersc. Large… Continue reading 3 MCQs on biomechanics of orthopaedic screws

4 different types of rickets to know in orthopaedics

Types of rickets are important to know and understand. To define, rickets is bony manifestation of altered vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous metabolism in a child leading to inadequate mineralization of bone. Four different types of rickets on the basis of etiology are Nutritional Hereditary vitamin D deficiency Familial Hypophosphatemic rickets, and Hypophosphatasia Nutritional rickets… Continue reading 4 different types of rickets to know in orthopaedics

10 Diseases and factors that affect the growth plate

There are a lot of diseases and factors that affect the growth plate. Growth plate or physis is the region between the epiphysis and metaphysis of a growing bone. Injury to this physeal region may lead to several complications. Here, we enumerate these factors for your information Gaucher Diastrophic dysplasia Pseudoachondroplasia Kniest dysplasia Achondroplasia Gigantism… Continue reading 10 Diseases and factors that affect the growth plate

Scientific trials on osteosarcoma (15 recent trials)

A lot of recent scientific trials on osteosarcoma (OS) are in testing these days. There are a lot of these in National Cancer Institite. Recent scientific trials in osteosarcoma EURAMOS-1 (European and American Osteosarcoma Study Group) clinical trial. addition of ifosfamide and etoposide to post-operative chemotherapy addition of a 2-year maintenance treatment with pegylated interferon… Continue reading Scientific trials on osteosarcoma (15 recent trials)

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Categorized as Tumor

Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining: 8 organisms and 10 steps

Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining is a specific bacteriological stain used to identify acid fast organisms. 8 Organisms that stain with Ziehl-Neelsen Procedure Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (atypical) Nocardia spp. Rhodococcus spp. Legionella micdadei Schistosoma spp. (cortical spines) Echinococcus spp. (hooklets) Protozoa – Cryptococcus spp. ZN staining is a simple staining process. It… Continue reading Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining: 8 organisms and 10 steps

15 differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication

Differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication are a must know for exams. Claudication comes from latin word claudicare which means “limp”. Vascular claudication is the discomfort that comes from a vascular cause. On the other hand, neurogenic type is due to compression of nerve root or spinal cord. Here, we enumerate these 15 differences 1.… Continue reading 15 differences between vascular and neurogenic claudication

12 Differences between adult and pediatric bone

The pediatric bone differs very much in structural, biochemical, and functional aspects from the adult bone. These differences between adult and pediatric bone can be enlisted as 1. Physis: The pediatric bone consists of physis or the growth plate. The growth plate lies between the epiphysis and metaphysis in long bones. By virtue of this… Continue reading 12 Differences between adult and pediatric bone